Gestational diabetes (GD) effects nearly 10% of all pregnancies each year in the United States. The exact cause is unknown, however there are a few theories for the pathology of GD. One is that the increase of maternal hormones and those produced by the placenta disrupt the action of mother’s insulin, causing insulin resistance. Another theory is that the mother can no longer produce or utilize insulin properly. Without insulin glucose in the blood cannot be converted to energy, leading to hyperglycemia. Research shows a correlation with diagnosed cases and the following risk factors:

​

Were overweight before you got pregnant

 

Are African-American, Asian, Hispanic, or Native American

​

Have blood sugar levels that are higher than they should be but not high enough to be diabetes (this is called prediabetes)

​

Have a family member with diabetes

​

Have had gestational diabetes before

​

Have hypertension (high blood pressure) or other medical complications

​

Have given birth to a large baby (weighing more than 9 pounds)

​

Have given birth to a baby who was stillborn or had certain birth defects

​

Are older than 25

​

When a woman has GD, they do not always experience symptoms or present with visible signs. Common reports are those of increased thirst and/or hunger, urinating more frequently, and dips in energy. Your doctor will order a glucose test around 24-28 weeks, or earlier if you are deemed high risk, to rule out GD.

​

Exercise and specific nutrition practices have been shown to reduce the risk of developing GD while also managing (and sometimes eradicating) the condition if diagnosed. Gestational diabetes often resolves within 6 months postpartum, but that isn’t always the case. It’s very important you remain in communication with your medical team and adhere to the recommendations they provide.

​

Here is a link connecting you to the ACOG and their information on gestational diabetes.

​

https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Gestational-Diabetes?IsMobileSet=false